The Qianling Mausoleum(chin. 乾陵, Pinyin: Qiánlíng) is the joint tomb of Emperor Tang Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian, the only Empress in Chinese history. The Qianling Tomb is located on the Liangshan Mountain, 80km away from the Xi'an city. It is the tomb that Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian buried together. They were not only husband and wife, but also emperors. This kind of tomb is rare in Chinese history.
The Qianling Tomb was started to build from 684 and lasted for 23 years. Oginally the tomb had double city walls outside and inside and four city gates and some constructions with carved beams and painted rafters like palace. The inner tomb covers an area of 240 square meters. There is a pair of stone lions in front of the four gates representatively. On both sides of the way in front of the tomb there ranges 124 stone carvings with exquisite sculpture and vivid looking. From south to north, there are representatively a pair of ornamented columns which erected in front of tombs, wing horses and red sparrow, five pairs of stone horses, ten pairs of stone carved capitals with caps and swords, three pairs of stone horses out of the northern gate. Additionally there are two tablets in praise of Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian "The Sushengji Tablet" and "The No Characters Tablet" out of the southern gate and 61 stone carvings of the chiefs of Chinese minorities and the ambassadors of neighboring countries who were present Tang Gaozong's funeral.
In Chinese history, the number, kind and the location of carvings in front of the tombs are started to be sure from the Qianling Tomb. To Qing Dynasty, it formed a kind of fixed system belonging to the imperial family. It is still a riddle now about the situation of the Qianling Tomb.
The structure of this tomb is very special and there are 39 layers of stone strips in front of the tomb gate, each layer was fixed by iron board with galvanized iron and it was solid like iron. It is pity that the Qianling Tomb was not robbed, so the cultural relics inside the tomb were preserved perfectly.
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